R
rabbit n. xargōš rabid n. hār rabies n. hārīh race n. (seed) tōhm(ag), gōhr race n. hamrānīh race-course n. asprēs racer n. hamrān racing n. Þ (horse) racing hamrānīh (ī aspān) recoil v. pas kišīdan radiance n. brāzišn, bām radiant vintr. tab-/ taftan, vtr. tāb-/ tāftan radish n. turb rafter n. frasp raid n. ēvārīh Þ night raid n. šabexūn Þ an unexpectated raid in the day-time n. rōzexūn raid v. ped ēvār tāz-, šabexūn zan- rail n. razag railing n. razag rain n. vārān Þ new rain n. nōg-vārānīh rain v. vārīdan, vaštan, vārān madan rainbow n. (ēn stūnag ī ped asmān pēdāg baved), sanvar, kamān ī rustam raincoat n. vārānīg rainwater n. āb ī vārān rainy adj. vārānīg raise (up) v. abrāz-/ abrāstan, ahrām-/ ahrāftan, abrāzēnīdan raised adj. abrāst raisin n. mavīz raising up n. ahrāmišn ram n. varān; varrag rampant adj. zandag rancour n. kēn random adj. jadišnīg Þ at random ped jadišn rank n. gāh; radag; pāyag Þ without rank adj. agāh ransom n. sarvahāg rape n. guxrōn rape v. guxrōn-/ guxrūdan rash n. jōš ī pōst raspberry n. tamiš(k) rat n. mušk rate v. hanz-/ hixtan rate n. hanz rather adv. frāzdar rattle n. zangul(ag) raven n. varāg Þ black raven varāg ī syāh ravine n. dar(g) raving (mad) adj. hār raw adj. xām ray n. (of the sun) tēx raze v. kandan razor n. ustarag Þ razor-blade n. ustarag tēg reach v. (acquire) ayāb-/ ayāftan, (attain) paryāb-/ paryāftan, (reach a goal) yādīdan read v. pehipursīdan reader n. pehipursīdār ready adj. āmādag real adj. astīg, (āškārāg) Þ who makes real āškārāg-varzīdār realize v. abar vēn-/ dīdan really adv. vābar realm n. šahr reap v. drav-/ drūdan reaper n. dravgar reaping n. dravišn rear v. parvardan rear adj., n. pasī(h) rear n. dumbāl rearrange v. abāz virāy- reason n. cim; xrad Þ without reason adj. abēcim rebellion n. abāzsārīh rebellious adj. abāzsār recapture v. abāz gīr- receipt n. (voucher) nibišt receive v. pedīriftan; gīr- griftan; pedīriftārīh kun- receiver n. gīrendag recent adj. nōg receptacle n. āvand reception n. pedīrišn; pedīrāgīh; pedīriftārīh receptive adj. ayābāg; pedīrāg recipe n. dastvar (ī kār) recitation n. (by singing) srāyišn; (by heart) drenzišn recite v. srāy-/ srūdan, drenz-/ draxtan, ušmār-/ ušmurdan reciter n. srūdār, ušmurdār reckon v. āmārdan, hangārdan, handāz-/ handāxtan, ušmār-/ ušmurdan Þ to be reckoned ušmārīhistan, ušmirdan reckoned adj. ušmurd Þ being reckoned ušmirān reckoner n. āmārgar reckoning n. āmār, āmārišn, hangārag recognize v. šnās-/ šnāxtan recommend v. handarzēnīdan recompense n. pādāšn record v. āyādgārēnīdan, (to record in a book) nibēgēnīdan Þ recorded delivery abespārišnīg record n. kārnāmag; āyādgār recovery n. drustravišnīh rectitude n. rāstīh rectrix n. mānbedī red adj. suxr, (kermes) karmēr reddish-brown adj. bōr redeem v. būz-/ bōxtan, vizārdan redeemer n. bōxtār redeeming n. bōxtagīh redemption n. vizārišn reduce vtr. kāh-/ kāstan; vintr. kah-/ kastan reed n. nay, (smaal reed) nāyīzag reed-bed n. nayestān reef n. ābvēm refine v. pālāy-/ pālūdan, pālīdan refinement n. pālāyišn; dārmagīh refiner n. pālīdār reflect v. handēšīdan, fradēsīdan reflection n. handēšišn; fradēsišn; vēnāgīh refrain v. pahrēz-/ pahrixtan, nihanz-/ nihaxtan refresh v. šādāb kun- refreshed adj. šādāb refreshing adj. šādābgar refreshment n. šādābīh refuge n. panāh, abestām Þ to take refuge with ped panāhīh gīr- Þ having taken refuge (seeker of refuge) panāh-griftag refusal n. nigīrāyīh refuse v. nigīrā bav- refuse n. peyxāl, abnām, harg refutation n. nigīrāyīh regent n. bidaxš region n. pāygōs, kōš; kišvar register n. nāmnāmag; daftar; nāmgarīh register n. nām kun- registered adj. nāmkird regression n. abāzravišnīh regret n. abaxš(īh) regret v. abaxš bav-/ h- regretful adj. abaxšāvand reign n. xvadāyīh, šahriyārīh Þ during the reign of … andar xvadāyīh ī reign v. šahriyār bav- rein n. afsār reindeer n. gavazn ī sardsīr reject v. ānām-, ānāb-/ ānāftan, parxvandan rejection n. parxvan rejoice v. urvāzistan, vārīdan rejoicing n. urvāzišn, vārišn rejoin v. abāz peyvann-/ peyvastan rejoin v. peyvāz-/ peyvāxtan rejoinder n. peyvāg relate v. gōb-/ guftan ; peyvann-/ peyvastan ; āvann-/ āvastan related adj. āvast(ag); xvēšāvand Þ apparently/ false related brād(a)rod relation n. gōbišn; āvann Þ close relation peyvann Þ mutual relation hambannīh Þ apparent relation brādrodīh relationship n. āvannīh; xvēšāvandīh relative adj. āvannīg relative n. bannag, xvēšāvand relaxation n. āsān release v. višāy-/ višādan, (to release from a debt) būz-/ bōxtan Þ to be relesed bōxs-/ bōxtan Þ he releases the captives from bondage az bann višāyed bastagān reliability n. avistvārīh, ōstīgānīh reliable adj. avistvār, ōstīgān, ōst religion n. dēn religious adj. dēnīg relish n. mizag rely on v. abestām kun- (ō) remain v. māndan, (abāz) pāy-/ pādan Þ to remain behind abāz māndan Þ to remain over parrēz-/ parrixtan remainder n. parrēg remains n. rēg remediable adj. cārīg remedy n. cār(ag), darmān remedy v. cārag kun- Þ to find/ seek a remedy cārag xvāh-, darmān xvāh- Þ it can be remedied ped cār Þ to prescribe a remedy darmān bar- remember vtr. āyād kun-, āyādēnīdan; vintr. āyāstan, āyād bav-, andar āyād dār-, ped daxšag dār- remembrance n. āyādgārīh, āyād remind v. āyād kun-, āyādēnīdan Þ to remind somebody of something āyādēnīdan ī kas tis reminder n. āyād(ag)īh; daxšāgēnīdār reminding n. āyādēnīdārīh remiss adj. vistār remnant n. parrēg remote adj. dūr removal n. Þ removal of sorrow bēš-ānābīh remove v. appārēnīdan, āyārdan Þ to be removed appārīhistan removed adj. appār, apparag removed n. appar, appārīh rend v. kirrēnīdan rendez-vous n. ped-vēnišn renounce v. abestāy-/ abestūdan renown n. nāmīgīh renowned adj. nāmīg rent n. tahk Þ to pay rent tahk vizārdan rent vtr. tahkēnīdan; vintr. tahkīhistan rental n. tahk vahāg repair v. abāz āmāy-/ āmādan repair n. abāz-āmāyīh repairer n. abāzāmāy reparation n. abāz-āmāyišnīh repay v. tōz-/ tuxtan repeat v. abāz gōb-/ guftan repel v. spōz-/ spuxtan repellent adj. spōzāg repent v. abaxš h-/ bav- Þ who repents abaxšdār, pašīmānīhkunišn repentance n. abaxšīh, pašīmānīh Þ to show repentance (for) ped petit h-/ bav- repentant adj. abaxš, pašīmān Þ to be repentant abaxš h-/ bav-, abaxšīhistan replace v. abāz nišāy-/ nišāstan, abāz nišīy-/ nišastan Þ to replace handset dastag abāz nihādan reply v. peyvāz-/ peyvāxtan, peyvāzag gōb- reply n. peyvāz(ag), peyvāg Þ to say in reply ped pāsox gōb- report v. sravēnīdan report n. srav repose v. āsāy-/ āsūdan, āsāyišn kun-, haspīdan repose n. āsāyišn, haspīn Þ enjoying repose haspīnumand reposing adj. haspān reprehend v. nikōhīdan reproach avvēnīdan reproach n. avvēnišn reproacher n. avvēnīdār repudiate v. abestāy-/ abestūdan, nigīrā bav- repudiating adj. nigīrāgar repudiation n. abestāyišn, nigīrāyīh repute n. nām Þ good repute husravīh request v. xvāh-/ xvāstan, (bē) zay-/ zastan Þ one who request zastār request n. zayišn rescue v. rahēnīdan, frayādīdan rescue n. frayād research v. cim xvāh-/ xvāstan researcher n. cimxvāstār resemblance n. mānāgīh resemble v. mānistan resembling adj. mānāg reservation n. pas-nihišnīh reserve v. pas nihādan reservoir n. (for rain-water) varm, (store) hambār, (pond) kōl, kōlāb reside v. bunag dār- residence n. bunag, nišēmag resign v. vidōr bav- (ped); kanār(ag) gīr- Þ to resign oneself (to) abestām kun- (ō) resignation n. vidōrīh; kanār(ag)gīrīh; abestām, bārestānīh resigned adj. vidōr, abestāmīg, bārestān Þ to be resigned to one’s fate vidōr ped baxt bav- resist v. abāz ēstādan (pedīrag) resistance n. abāzēstišnīh resolve v. vizārdan, (upon) āhang kun- resonance n. petān resonant adj. petānumand resort v. handaxsīdan respect v. tarsagāhīhkun- (andar), grāmīg dār- respect n. āzarm, āzarmīgīh, tarsāgīh, tarsagāhīh Þ without respect anāzarm Þ the exercise of respect tarsagāhīh-varzīdārīh (andar) respectable adj. āzarmumand respected adj. āzarmīg respectful adj. āzarmīg, tarsāg, tarsagāh respite n. ēstan resplendent adj. bāmīg respond v. pāsox/ pesox kun-, peyvāz-/ peyvāxtan, (with song) peyvāxtag gōb- respondent n. pasemāl Þ to appear as respondent pāsox gōb-, pasemāl šav- responding n. pāsox-gōbišnīh, peyvāzag response n. peyvāz(ag), peyvāzišn responsible adj. pursišnīg rest v. āsāy-/ āsūdan, visāy-/ visādan, haspīdan Þ to let X rest visāyēnīdan rest n. āsānīh, āsāyišn, hasp Þ at rest āsān, ped āsāyišn restaurant n. xvardīgxānag, xvardestān restful adj. hasp resting adj. haspān, haspēn rest room n. camišn restore v. virāy-/ virāstan, abāz ārāy- restrain v. pādīrānēnīdan restraned adj. pādīrān resurrection n. ristāxēz, āxēzišn resuscitate v. abāz vigrās-/ vigrādan retail n. xvardag-frōšīh reticence n. pāduzvānīh reticent adj. pāduzvān retire v. kanār kišīdan, hangašīdan retirement n. Þ retirement age n. hanīh retreat v. pas kišīdan retreat n. Þ retreat for menstruous women daštānestān retribution n. pādifrāh, puhl return v. vard-/ vaštan, abāz vard-, uzvard-/ uzvaštan return n. uzvard; šud ud abāzmad reunion n. abāz-hamīh reveal v. āškārāgēnīdan, pēdāg kun-, pēdāgēnīdan Þ to be revealed pēdāgīhistan revealed adj. pēdāg revealing adj. āškārāgēnīdār revelation n. āškārāgīh, pēdāgīh revelator n. daxšag-nimūdār revelry n. spaxr revenge n. kēn Þ to take the revenge of kēn xvāh- revenge v. kēn tōz- revengeful adj. kēngar, kēntōz revere v. tarsagāhīh varzīdan (andar) reverence n. āzarm, tarsagāhīh Þ to pay reverence (unto) tarsagāhīh kirdan/ varzīdan (andar) reverent adj. āzarmīg, tarsagāh reversal n. abāzvaštagīh reverse n. abārōnīh, abāzrōnīh; juttarīh reverse adj. abārōn, abāzrōn, abāzvaštag revival n. zīvēnāgīh revive v. zīvēnīdan revive n. zīndakkar revolution n. gardišn revolve v. gardīdan reward n. mizd, pādāšn, dāsr rewind vintr. abāz vard; vtr. abāz vardēnīdan rhinoceros n. karg rib n. pahlūg rice n. brinj/ brinz ricefield n. brinjzār rich adj. hangad, rayumand, tuvāngar, vasxvāstag riches n. ray richness n. hangadīh, rayumandīh, tuvāngarīh ride v. bar-/ burdan rider n. (horse) asvār ridge n. grīvag, tēx ridicule n. riyahlīh/ riyāhlīh riding n. bāragīh, asvārīh riding adj. barān Þ riding animal bārag right adj. (opp. of wrong) drust, (opp. of the left) dašn, (upright) rāst Þ army’s right flanc dašnag Þ to the right ō dašn ālag Þ right way rāh ī dašn/ rāst, dašnag Þ right arm arm ī dašn righteous adj. dašnzādag, ahlav/ ahlō, ardā, frārōn, (f.) ahavēnī rightful adj. drustag, dādīg right-hand adj. dašn dast, dašn(ag) Þ from the right hand az dašn rightness n. drustīh rigorous adj. stag(-cašm) ring n. (finger ring) angustarīg; cambar ring n. (vāng ī) zang ring v. vāng abgandan; xrōh-/ xrustan ring road n. rāh-cambar ripe adj. rasī(ag) ripen v. pezām-/ pezāftan, rasīdan Þ to cause to ripe pezāmēnīdan ripening n. pezānēnīdārīh rise v. (abar) āxēz-/ āxistan , (rise on) abar āy-/ āmadan, madan, (rise up) ul āy-, ul āxēz- Þ to make rise āxēzēnīdan rising n. abar-āyišnīh, āxēz, (rising of the moon, etc.) āxēzišn, (getting up from bed) ul-ēstišnīh Þ risings (ascensions) ulāmadān rival adj., n. hamāvard, hambidīg, brādrod rivalry n. hamāvardīh, hambidīgīh, brādrodīh river n. rōd river-bank n. rōdbār river bed n. rōdestān road n. rāh, jādag Þ caravan road (highway) kārpand Þ road map n. gardag ī rāhān ÞÞÞÞÞÞÞ road n Þ main road šāh-rāh Þ in the middle of the road ped meyān ī jādag Þ minor road n. rāh ī kōdak roar v. garrānīdan/ garrēnīdan roar n. garrēnišn roaring n. garrānišn roast v. brēz-/ brištan, briyān kun- roasted adj. briyān, brišt(ag) Þ roasted meat gōšt tābag roasting n. brištagīh roasting-spit n. sīx rob v. appar-/ appurdan, rubāy-/ rubūdan robber n. apparag, appurdār, gayag/ gēg/ gayōg robbery n. appar, apparišn, rōb(ag), agyagīh robust adj. tahm rock n. vēm; (stone) sang rock climbing n. vēm-frasanīh rock crystal n. bilūr sang, xvarsang rock salt n. namehk sang rocky adj. sangīg Þ rocky place n. sangsār roll vintr. gardīdan/ gilīdan, pēcīdan; vtr. gardēnīdan, caxrēnīdan roll n. girdag; pēc(ag); caxrēnag Þ toilet roll šarmmāl roof n. aškōb, (house-top) bān Þ beam of the roof frasp roof-tree n. frasp roof rack n. bārbann rook n. (chess) raxv/ rox room n. gyāg, cašmag; (ōdāg) Þ an inner room andarōn(ag) Þ store-room niyān Þ waiting room n. pandpāygāh root n. rēšag; bun Þ root of the tongue uzvān bun rope n. arvēs, rasan, rištag, (a slender rope) vandag/ vannag rope-walker n. rasan-vāzīg rose n. gul, vard rosemary n. kōfpusag, kōf-abesar rose water n. gulāb rosy adj. gulgōn, vardgōn rot v. puy-/ pūdan rotten adj. pūdag rottenness n. pūdagīh rough adj. društ(ag), (coarse) dabr roughness n; dabrīh round adj. (circular) gird; (complete) girdāgird round n. caxr; vārag round prep. gird ī Þ round here ēd pērāmōn round off v. pardaxt būdan (az) roundabout n. girdgāh roundness n. girdīh rouse v. (from sleep) vigrās-/ vigrādan rove v. viyābīdan roving adj. viyābān row v. radag, ristag royal adj. šāhvār royal basil šāhsprahm rub v. māl-/ muštan, (marz-), sāy-/ sūdan, (rub gently, touch) pesāy-, (wear) frasāy-, (swear) rōb-/ ruftan rubber adj. zadūgēn(agēn) rubber n. zadūgēnag rubber band n. zadūgēn bann rubbish n. āxāl ruby n. yākand rucksack n. puštvārag rue n. sudāb rug n. gilīm ruin n. abesihišn, tabāhīh ruin v. avīrān kun-, tabāh kun-, tabāhēnīdan Þ to be ruined tabāhīhistan ruination n. tabāhīh ruined adj. avīrān, avīrag rule n. (sovereignty) pādixšāyīh; (law, manner) ēvēn rule v. šahriyār bav-, šāy-, pādixšāy- ruler n. šahriyār, dahebed/ dahyubed, pādixšāy rulership n. dahebedīh, pādixšāyīh, šahriyārīh ruling at will n. kāmagxvadāy rumour n. drāyišn rump n. srēn; kūn run v. davīdan/ davistan, taz-/ taxtan, (flow, move quickly) pōyīdan, (daēvic) dvāristan Þ to cause to run davēnīdan, tāz-/ tāxtan, tazēnīdan Þ to run away virēz-/ virīxtan Þ to run forward frāz dav- runaway n. virīxtār runner n. davendag running adj. davān, (flowing) tazāg, pōyišnīg Þ running water tazāg āb, (current) pāyāg āb Þ running away virēzān running n. tazišn, tag, (daēvic) dvārišn ruse kambōr(ag) rush v. dvārīdan Þ to rush into abar dvārīdan Þ to rush away abāz dvārīdan Þ to rush in andar dvārīdan (ō) rustle v. šōb-/ šuftan rye n. šāxal rut n. Þ in rut (on heat) vardag rutting adj. vardag, vahl |